Menopause is a natural biological phase in a woman’s life that typically occurs in her late 40s to early 50s. It signifies the permanent cessation of menstrual periods and the end of a woman’s reproductive years. The process is driven by hormonal changes, particularly a gradual decrease in the production of estrogen and progesterone by the ovaries.Common symptoms of menopause include hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbances, mood fluctuations, and vaginal dryness. Management of menopausal symptoms often involves lifestyle adjustments, such as a balanced diet and regular exercise, and may include hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or other medical interventions based on individual needs.